Clear shellac(Shell) is a resin secreted by the female lac bug on trees in the forests of India and Thailand. It is processed and sold as dry flakes and dissolved in alcohol to make liquid shellac，which is used as a brush-on colorant.

Shellac is a natural bioadhesive polymer and is chemically similar to synthetic polymers，and thus can be considered a natural form of plastic.

The earliest written evidence of shellac goes back 3000 years，but shellac is known to have been used even earlier.

Ethanol(Eth) is ethyl alcohol，the same type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages.

The molecular formula is C₂H₅OH.

Bic blue pen ink(Bic) is normally used to refill ink pens.

It is manufactured by the company Bic. Opposed to pigments，dyes are colored substances that chemically bond to the substrate to which it is being applied.

This is a commonly available product in stores.

Distilled water(H₂O) is useful whenever water must be added to any mixture，it is much cleaner and makes for a smoother mixture than tap water or drinking water.

Madder(Mad) is a herbaceous perennial plant species belonging to the bedstraw and coffee family Rubiaceae.

The botanical name is rubia tinctorum.

The roots can yeild a strong，permanent deep red color used in dyes and lakes. In order to draw out the red color，alum is often used.

Aluminium salt(Alum) is an aluminum based salt crystal readily available in drug stores.

Alum is a type of chemical compound，usually a hydrated double sulfate salt of aluminium with the general formula XAl(SO₄)₂·12 H₂O.

Alum was the most common mordant used in the dye industry in the middle ages.

Copper(Cper) Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from Latin: cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a soft，malleable，and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pinkish-orange color.

Vinegar(Vi) is comprised of acetic acid and water，and is an very clean，crisp liquid. Acetic acid is the result of a fermentation process.

The molecular formula is CH₃COOH.